Search results for " Flag"

showing 10 items of 42 documents

Impact of forest management on threatened epiphytic macrolichens: Evidence from a Mediterranean mixed oak forest (Italy)

2019

Abstract: Forest management practices may heavily affect epiphytic cryptogams. This study was conceived in March 2016, as soon as we were informed about an authorized logging for timber within a Mediterranean mixed oak forest in Tuscany (central Italy), which threatened a large population of the forest macrolichen Lobaria pulmonaria (L.) Hoffm., composed of hundreds of fertile thalli. Lobaria pulmonaria is often used as an ecological indicator of high quality habitats hosting rare lichens, and in general, cryptogams worthy of conservation. The species has suffered a general decline throughout Europe as a consequence of air pollution and intensive forest management, and currently it is red-l…

0106 biological sciencesForest managementLobaria pulmonaria01 natural sciencesForest ecologyLichens Flag Species Legal Protection Lobaria pulmonaria Red ListsBiomass Losslcsh:ForestryLichenRed listsNature and Landscape ConservationLobaria pulmonariaFlag specieEcologybiologyBiomass loLoggingForestryForestry04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesbiology.organism_classificationBiomass loss; Chlorophyll fluorescence; Flag species; Legal protection; Lobaria pulmonaria; Red listsEcological indicatorGeographyHabitatFlag SpeciesThreatened species040103 agronomy & agriculture0401 agriculture forestry and fisherieslcsh:SD1-669.5Legal protectionChlorophyll fluorescence010606 plant biology & botany
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The Chlamydomonas genome reveals the evolution of key animal and plant functions

2007

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a unicellular green alga whose lineage diverged from land plants over 1 billion years ago. It is a model system for studying chloroplast-based photosynthesis, as well as the structure, assembly, and function of eukaryotic flagella (cilia), which were inherited from the common ancestor of plants and animals, but lost in land plants. We sequenced the ∼120-megabase nuclear genome of Chlamydomonas and performed comparative phylogenomic analyses, identifying genes encoding uncharacterized proteins that are likely associated with the function and biogenesis of chloroplasts or eukaryotic flagella. Analyses of the Chlamydomonas genome advance our understanding of the a…

0106 biological sciencesMESH: Sequence Analysis DNAMESH: Algal ProteinsChloroplastsProteomeMESH: PlantsChlamydomonas reinhardtii01 natural sciencesGenomeMESH: Membrane Transport ProteinsDNA AlgalMESH: DNA AlgalMESH: AnimalsGoniumPhotosynthesisMESH: PhylogenyMESH: PhotosynthesisPhylogenyGenetics0303 health sciencesGenomeMultidisciplinarybiologyMESH: Genomicsfood and beveragesGenomicsPlantsBiological EvolutionMESH: Genes[SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM]MESH: ProteomeFlagellaMultigene FamilyMESH: Computational BiologyMESH: Chlamydomonas reinhardtiiNuclear geneMolecular Sequence Data[SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular BiologyFlagellumMESH: FlagellaArticle03 medical and health sciencesIntraflagellar transportMESH: EvolutionAnimalsMESH: Genome[SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM]Gene[SDV.BC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology030304 developmental biologyMESH: Molecular Sequence DataMESH: ChloroplastsAlgal ProteinsChlamydomonasComputational BiologyMembrane Transport ProteinsSequence Analysis DNAbiology.organism_classificationGenesMESH: Multigene FamilyChlamydomonas reinhardtii010606 plant biology & botany
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Trophic upgrading via the microbial food web may link terrestrial dissolved organic matter to Daphnia

2017

Direct consumption of allochthonous resources generally yields poor growth and reproduction in zooplankton, but it is still unclear how trophic upgrading of terrestrial dissolved organic matter (tDOM) via the microbial food web may support zooplankton. We compared survival, somatic growth and reproduction of Daphnia magna fed with the heterotrophic flagellate Paraphysomonas vestita and three algal diets. Paraphysomonas was fed lake bacteria that used tDOM as a substrate to simulate an allochthonous diet that zooplankton encounter in lakes. The highest survival, growth and reproduction was achieved with a diet of Cryptomonas, while Daphnia performance was the worst when fed Microcystis. Para…

0106 biological sciencesallochthonyrasvahapotAquatic Sciencefood quality010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesDaphniasterolPhytoplanktonDissolved organic carbonEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsTrophic levelsterolitMicrobial food webEcologybiologyEcology010604 marine biology & hydrobiologyplanktonfungiheterotrophic flagellatebiology.organism_classificationSterolvesikirputphytoplanktonEnvironmental scienceta1181Food qualityravintoverkotPUFA
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Septins 2, 7 and 9 and MAP4 colocalize along the axoneme in the primary cilium and control ciliary length

2013

International audience; Septins are a large, evolutionarily conserved family of GTPases that form hetero-oligomers and interact with the actin-based cytoskeleton and microtubules. They are involved in scaffolding functions, and form diffusion barriers in budding yeast, the sperm flagellum and the base of primary cilia of kidney epithelial cells. We investigated the role of septins in the primary cilium of retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells, and found that SEPT2 forms a 1:1:1 complex with SEPT7 and SEPT9 and that the three members of this complex colocalize along the length of the axoneme. Similar to observations in kidney epithelial cells, depletion of cilium-localized septins by siRN…

AxonemeAxonemeMicrotubule-associated protein[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]DIFFUSION BARRIERTUBULINCell Cycle Proteinsmacromolecular substancesORGANIZATIONCYTOSKELETONBiologySeptinMicrotubulesRetinaCell Line03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMicrotubuleCiliogenesisHumansCiliaCytoskeletonMolecular BiologyAFFINITY-REGULATING KINASEActin030304 developmental biologyCILIOGENESIS0303 health sciencesPrimary ciliumCOMPLEXSperm flagellumCilium030302 biochemistry & molecular biologyColocalizationEpithelial CellsAnatomyCell BiologyActinsCell biology[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]MAMMALIAN SEPTINSMAP4CELLSbiological phenomena cell phenomena and immunityMicrotubule-Associated Proteins030217 neurology & neurosurgerySeptinsDevelopmental BiologyResearch Article
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Functional consequences of prey acclimation to ocean acidification for the prey and its predator

2016

Ocean acidification is the suite of chemical changes to the carbonate system of seawater as a consequence of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Despite a growing body of evidences demonstrating the negative effects of ocean acidification on marine species, the consequences at the ecosystem level are still unclear. One factor limiting our ability to upscale from species to ecosystem is the poor mechanistic understanding of the functional consequences of the observed effects on organisms. This is particularly true in the context of species interactions. The aim of this work was to investigate the functional consequence of the exposure of a prey (the mussel Brachidontes pharaonis) t…

Condition indexRegistration number of speciesSalinityTemperateBottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L)inorganicAlkalinityBrachidontes pharaonisIncubation durationExperimentTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedAssimilation efficiencyEriphia verrucosaBreaking loadCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Aragonite saturation stateAlkalinity totalBottles or small containers Aquaria 20 LtotalpHTemperaturePartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air) standard errordissolvedCarbonate ionLaboratory experimentPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)standard errorEarth System ResearchUniform resource locator link to referenceanimal structuresCalcite saturation stateArthropodaLengthwaterGrowth MorphologyFigureBenthosUniform resource locator/link to referenceMediterranean SeaAnimaliaBehaviourBicarbonate ionTime in secondsTypeTemperature water standard errorCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)SpeciespH standard errorCalcite saturation state standard errorGrowth rateBottles or small containers/Aquaria (&lt;20 L)Calculated using CO2SYSfungiCarbonate system computation flagFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonTreatmentAragonite saturation state standard errorPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCarbon dioxideMolluscaGrowth/MorphologyBenthic animalsFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCoast and continental shelfSpecies interaction
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Calcification is not the Achilles'heel of cold-water corals in an acidifying ocean

2015

Ocean acidification is thought to be a major threat to coral reefs: laboratory evidence and CO2 seep research has shown adverse effects on many coral species, although a few are resilient. There are concerns that cold-water corals are even more vulnerable as they live in areas where aragonite saturation (Omega ara) is lower than in the tropics and is falling rapidly due to CO2 emissions. Here, we provide laboratory evidence that net (gross calcification minus dissolution) and gross calcification rates of three common cold-water corals, Caryophyllia smithii, Dendrophyllia cornigera, and Desmophyllum dianthus, are not affected by pCO2 levels expected for 2100 (pCO2 1058 µatm, Omega ara 1.29),…

Dissolution rateOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)TemperateIdentificationSalinityBicarbonate ion standard deviationinorganicAlkalinity total standard deviationAlkalinityExperimentTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Aragonite saturation stateRespiration rate oxygenAlkalinity totaltotalDesmophyllum dianthuspHRespirationTemperatureCalcification rate of calcium carbonatedissolvedLaboratory experimentCarbonate ionDeep seaPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Field experimentCarbon dioxide standard deviationTemperature water standard deviationContainers and aquaria 20 1000 L or 1 m 2Respiration rateEarth System ResearchContainers and aquaria (20-1000 L or &lt; 1 m**2)standard deviationCalcification/DissolutionPotentiometric titrationCalcite saturation statePotentiometricwaterPartial pressure of carbon dioxideCaryophyllia smithiiContainers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2)Dendrophyllia cornigeraFigureAragonite saturation state standard deviationBenthosCnidariaOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCMediterranean SeaAnimaliaBicarbonate ionCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)SpeciesCalculated using CO2SYSfungiEvent labelDeep-seaPartial pressure of carbon dioxide standard deviationCarbonate system computation flagpH standard deviationCarbonate ion standard deviationbiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonTreatmentPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCarbon dioxideSingle speciesCalcification DissolutionFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airBenthic animalsoxygen
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Ocean acidification affects fish spawning but not paternity at CO2 seeps

2016

Fish exhibit impaired sensory function and altered behaviour at levels of ocean acidification expected to occur owing to anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions during this century. We provide the first evidence of the effects of ocean acidification on reproductive behaviour of fish in the wild. Satellite and sneaker male ocellated wrasse (Symphodus ocellatus) compete to fertilize eggs guarded by dominant nesting males. Key mating behaviours such as dominant male courtship and nest defence did not differ between sites with ambient versus elevated CO2 concentrations. Dominant males did, however, experience significantly lower rates of pair spawning at elevated CO2 levels. Despite the higher r…

Eggs standard errorOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)TemperateRegistration number of speciesIdentificationSalinityEggsinorganicAlkalinityExperimentNumber standard errorDominant male paternityTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedNumber of individualsCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Number of spawning events standard errorAragonite saturation stateFish standard lengthChordataAlkalinity totalSalinity standard errortotalCO2 ventReplicatesCourtship standard errorpHPelagosReproductionSymphodus ocellatusTemperatureNumberPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air) standard errordissolvedCarbonate ionPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)standard errorIndividuals standard errorEarth System ResearchField observationFOS: Medical biotechnologyUniform resource locator link to referencePotentiometric titrationCalcite saturation stateLocationPotentiometricwaterNumber of spawning eventsAgeUniform resource locator/link to referenceOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCMediterranean SeaAnimaliaEggs areaBehaviourTypeBicarbonate ionNektonEggs area standard errorTemperature water standard errorCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)SpeciespH standard errorWet massDominant male paternity standard errorCalculated using CO2SYSEvent labelIndividualsCourtshipCarbonate system computation flagstandard lengthFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonTreatmentPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airFishCarbon dioxideSingle speciesFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCoast and continental shelf
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Il dovere di soccorso in mare e il diritto di obbedire al diritto (internazionale) del comandante della nave privata

2019

Shipmasters are commonly considered the addressees of an international legal duty to rescue at sea. This article describes the evolution of international law in this field, from the first maritime conventions of the 1910's to the IMO Safety Committee's resolutions of the 2010's. It then argues that behind the duty to rescue there is a hidden right of the shipmaster. This right has a moral pedigree and is functional to the full compliance of the duty itself. It can be enforced in the national legal order against any State (or private entity) that tries to obstruct the shipmaster's activities of assistance or to penalize her or him for the assistance given. National judges enforce this right …

Interpretation of Treaties in Light of Human RightDirect Effect of International LawShipmaster's Rights and Duties Under International LawSettore IUS/13 - Diritto InternazionaleLaw of the SeaDiplomatic Protection and Protection by the Flag State in Favour of the Crew of a ShipDuty to Rescue at Sea
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Convenio sobre el trabajo marítimo 2006 (MLC, 2006)

2019

The essay analyses 2006 Convention on maritime work, and it highlights its original characteristics within ILO sources: firstly, the Convention systemises the fragmented scenario of conventions and recommendations on maritime workers’ rights. Secondly, it is characterised by a strong effectiveness, especially having regard to repatriation and to Flag State and Port State controls, not limited to ships flying a flag of a ratifying State. In any case, some weaknesses persist, such as the lack of recognition of the right to strike and a very generic regulation of shore leave. El ensayo analiza el Convenio sobre trabajo marítimo de 2006, y pone de manifiesto su originalidad dentro del marco de …

OIT trabajo marítimo level playing field trato no menos favorable inspecciones Estado del Pabellón Estado del Puerto.Settore IUS/07 - Diritto Del LavoroILO maritime work level playing field no less favourable treatment inspections Flag State Port State.
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Seawater carbonate chemistry and nest guarding behaviour of a temperate wrasse

2021

Organisms may respond to changing environmental conditions by adjusting their behaviour (i.e., behavioural plasticity). Ocean acidification (OA), resulting from anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), is predicted to impair sensory function and behaviour of fish. However, reproductive behaviours, and parental care in particular, and their role in mediating responses to OA are presently overlooked. Here, we assessed whether the nesting male ocellated wrasse Symphodus ocellatus from sites with different CO2 concentrations showed different behaviours during their breeding season. We also investigated potential re-allocation of the time-budget towards different behavioural activities b…

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)IdentificationPotentiometric titrationRegistration number of speciesSalinityTemperateCalcite saturation statePotentiometricinorganicwaterAlkalinitySiteTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedUniform resource locator/link to referenceCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Mediterranean SeaOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCAnimaliaAragonite saturation stateBehaviourBicarbonate ionTime in secondsTypeNektonAlkalinity totalChordataCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)totalCO2 ventSpeciespHPelagosSymphodus ocellatusTemperatureCarbonate system computation flagdissolvedFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Carbonate ionPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCarbon dioxideSingle speciesEarth System ResearchFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCoast and continental shelfField observationUniform resource locator link to reference
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